A stun gun is a gadget used to produce a high voltage, low current signal, used mostly as a weapon to stun or send shock waves to the target with the intention to weaken or paralyze it. However proceeding to design the circuit, it should be kept in mind that in some countries, stun gun is banned. Because, this is actually a lethal weapon which can render a person mentally paralyzed. It is usually powered by a 9V battery. Here, we design a stun gun circuit using a 555 Timer to produce a current fluctuating signal and a voltage multiplier using a transformer and a multiple stage arrangement of voltage doublers using capacitors and diodes.
Stun Gun Circuit Operating Principle:
The stun gun circuit is based on the principle behind a conventional stun gun. A 555 Timer is used to produce an oscillating signal of frequency determined by the external passive elements connected to the Timer. These low current electric pulses are fed to a step up transformer to produce a high volt signal, which is further increased by a voltage multiplier circuit. The voltage multiplier circuit consists of multiple stages of voltage doubler each consisting of two diodes and two capacitors. The voltage doubler circuits are based on Villard doubler method. Output voltage is directly proportional to the number of stages.
Stun Gun Circuit Diagram:
Stun Gun Circuit Design:
Actually, here we require two phases of designing – The astable multivibrator design and voltage multiplier design. Designing the circuit requires pioneer step of deciding the output voltage . Here our requirement is to generate a 10KV DC voltage from 1000V input. From the equation, Vout = (2Vin + 1.414)S, where S is the number of stages. To obtain voltage of 10KV, about 5 stages of voltage doubler would be required. Here we design a 5 stage voltage multiplier circuit generating an output voltage of 10KV. Since input voltage is around 1000v, each capacitor should have a voltage rating of atleast 1000V. Since here operating frequency is low, of the order of Hertz, we require a 2500V, 10mF. For designing the astable multivibrator circuit, we select a 555 Timer. To design a 555 Timer in astable mode, passive external components need to be selected. Assuming a maximum operating frequency of 50Hz and a duty cycle of 75%, we calculate R1 to be around 1.44K, R2 around 720 Ohms and C1 around 10uF. Here we select a 2K potentiometer, 720 ohm resistor and 10uF capacitor. Since this is a low frequency operation, a MOSFET IRF530 is used.
How to Operate Stun Gun Circuit?
As soon as the switch S1 is pressed, the astable operation of 555 Timer starts. A pulsating electric signal of low current is produced, which is stepped up using a step up transformer, to a voltage of around 1000V. The signal from the Timer is fed through a MOSFET switch.
Stun Gun Applications:
The 10:1 transformer is a step down, not step up, and even if it were a 1:10; it would only put out 90V, not 500V. The voltage multiplier equation does not look correct either, but I am not going to specifically attack that one because it can easily be looked up. Additionally, the 75% duty cycle and low frequency seem very wasteful in this project since the MOSFET can easily handle the higher frequencies and the capacitors will have a lower impedance at such frequencies allowing a greater output current. If the low frequency was chosen because of an iron core transformer, it should be replaced with a ferrite core, because it is: more efficient, can handle higher frequencies, is lighter, and more compact for a stun gun. Finally, the transformer does not respond more strongly to a longer duty cycle after a point, so there is definitely wasted input there also. The accompanying paragraphs with this diagram are also not very well written and full of small errors. However, I do apologize if English was not the posters native language. Thanks for listening to my complaints. The Police And Goverment dont help Forigners from Bullies and Criminals anymore and they are wery much on heavy drugs , I need at least 1.5 000Kv as the modern stun guns goes up to 4.5 000Kv Is possible to cool down the 555 timerbody with alluminium cooling , ??? Danny A. Comment * Name * Email * Website
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